Is it okay to throw away chargers, cords, other stuff?

It is "safe" to throw this stuff away, in the sense that it is not dangerous to bury in landfill, but it is quite wasteful. There is often a significant amount of copper in these items, and copper is worth money at the scrap yard. If you break this stuff apart, and throw away only the plastic, you can collect the copper wires and the "cores" (iron plates with wire wound around them) and take them to a junk yard when you have several pounds. You may also find bits of br or aluminum inside the cases, and enough of these also will be worth money as scrap metal. In any case, copper, tin, lead and zinc are in short supply and too valuable to bury mixed into tons of trash.